Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment

Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...

Renal Drug Clearance: Overview

Renal Drug Clearance: Overview

Renal clearance is a crucial parameter in pharmacokinetics that quantifies the rate at which the kidneys excrete a drug. It represents a constant fraction of the central volume of distribution containing the drug that the kidney eliminates per unit of time.
Renal clearance can be calculated using different methods. One approach is to divide the urinary drug excretion rate by the plasma drug concentration. This method directly measures renal clearance, indicating the kidneys' efficiency in...

Renal Drug Excretion: Overview

Renal Drug Excretion: Overview

As primary excretory organs, the kidneys maintain homeostasis by removing waste substances from the bloodstream. They comprise over a million units called nephrons, which serve as the kidney's functional units.
A nephron consists of two primary structures: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. The renal corpuscle contains the glomerulus, a network of capillaries where the first step of renal excretion, glomerular filtration, occurs. Blood pressure forces water, ions, and small molecules...

Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods

Renal Drug Clearance: Comparison Between Renal Excretion Methods

Renal clearance is a critical parameter encompassing kidney filtration, secretion, and reabsorption processes. It is calculated using a specific equation to determine the rate at which the kidneys clear a drug.
Renal clearance is often associated with the renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which represents the rate at which plasma is filtered through the glomeruli in the kidney. When drug reabsorption is minimal and there is no active secretion, renal clearance is closely related to the...

Renal Clearance

Renal Clearance

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical marker of kidney function, reflecting the efficiency of filtration by the glomeruli. Renal clearance of specific substances, such as inulin or creatinine, is commonly used to measure GFR.
Renal clearance refers to the volume of plasma cleared of a specific substance, such as creatinine, per unit of time. To measure clearance, urine samples are collected over a 24-hour period during each bladder voiding, followed by a single blood sample at the...

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Historical Perspective on Uremia and Uremic Toxins.

Toxins·2024

Same author

The Evolving View of Uremic Toxicity.

Toxins·2022

Same author

Effects of an SGLT Inhibitor on the Production, Toxicity, and Elimination of Gut-Derived Uremic Toxins: A Call for Additional Evidence.

Toxins·2022

Same author

Effect of Vancomycin on the Gut Microbiome and Plasma Concentrations of Gut-Derived Uremic Solutes.

Kidney international reports·2021

Same author

Uremic Toxins in Organ Crosstalk.

Frontiers in medicine·2021

Same author

Prognostic Value of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Kidney international reports·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

Residual renal function: a paradigm shift.

Jerome Lowenstein¹, Jared J Grantham²

¹New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Kidney International

|February 17, 2017

Summary

Residual renal function (RRF) in dialysis patients includes tubular secretion, not just filtration. Quantifying organic anion secretion offers a new way to monitor kidney function and disease progression.

Keywords:

ESRD biomarkers of progression chronic kidney disease hippurate clearance indoxyl sulfate clearance organic anion excretion progressive renal disease

More Related Videos

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction

Published on: April 4, 2025

A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Published on: July 18, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats

Published on: April 4, 2025

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction

An Immature Murine Model of Reversible Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction

Published on: April 4, 2025

A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Published on: July 18, 2025

Area of Science:

Nephrology
Renal Physiology
Biochemistry

Background:

Residual renal function (RRF) is traditionally defined as unreabsorbed glomerular filtrate.
Uremic toxins, including protein-bound organic anions, are not effectively filtered.
Renal tubular organic anion transporters (OATs) play a role in secreting these solutes.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a paradigm shift in understanding RRF.
To expand the definition of RRF to include tubular secretion.
To re-evaluate the monitoring of chronic kidney disease progression.

Main Methods:

Quantification of tubular secretion of organic anions (hippurate, indoxyl sulfate, p-cresol sulfate).
Evaluation of active solute transport function.
Application of Homer Smith's principles of renal physiology.

Main Results:

RRF likely involves both glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Protein-bound organic anions are secreted by renal tubules.
Quantifiable tubular secretion can assess remaining kidney function.

Conclusions:

RRF definition should include tubular secretion of organic anions.
This expanded view aids in monitoring kidney disease progression.
Renewed focus on renal physiology principles is crucial for understanding RRF.