Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

10.7K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
10.7K
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

4.8K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
4.8K
Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

16.4K
Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
16.4K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

9.0K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
9.0K
EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

3.5K
Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
3.5K
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:17

The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

9.1K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
9.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Reply to 'Single-cell evidence for PANoptosome complexes'.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026
Same author

Infection-induced glucose starvation triggers NINJ1-dependent macrophage lysis and Candida escape.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

The benchmarking and application of tag-degraders in vivo to validate therapeutic targets.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

The transmembrane domain structure of TNFR1 suppresses ligand-independent autoactivation but is not required for TNF-induced signaling.

Science signaling·2026
Same author

Hemidesmosomal Proteins in Oral Cancer Progression: An Immunohistochemical Study of Human and Mouse.

Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology·2026
Same author

The PANoptosis hypothesis examined.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Modified Annexin V/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay For Accurate Assessment of Cell Death
07:34

Modified Annexin V/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay For Accurate Assessment of Cell Death

Published on: April 24, 2011

105.3K

IAPs and Cell Death.

John Silke1, James Vince2

  • 1The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia. silke@wehi.edu.au.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|February 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) regulate multiple cell death types beyond apoptosis, including necroptosis and pyroptosis. Understanding IAPs offers new strategies for cancer therapy and inflammation control.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: THP-1 Macrophage Response to LPS/ATP — Unveiling the Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Spectrum
06:12

Author Spotlight: THP-1 Macrophage Response to LPS/ATP — Unveiling the Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Spectrum

Published on: May 3, 2024

3.5K
Author Spotlight: A Streamlined Approach to Studying Cell Death Initiation in Hypersensitive Response
06:06

Author Spotlight: A Streamlined Approach to Studying Cell Death Initiation in Hypersensitive Response

Published on: November 10, 2023

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Modified Annexin V/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay For Accurate Assessment of Cell Death
07:34

Modified Annexin V/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay For Accurate Assessment of Cell Death

Published on: April 24, 2011

105.3K
Author Spotlight: THP-1 Macrophage Response to LPS/ATP — Unveiling the Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Spectrum
06:12

Author Spotlight: THP-1 Macrophage Response to LPS/ATP — Unveiling the Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis Spectrum

Published on: May 3, 2024

3.5K
Author Spotlight: A Streamlined Approach to Studying Cell Death Initiation in Hypersensitive Response
06:06

Author Spotlight: A Streamlined Approach to Studying Cell Death Initiation in Hypersensitive Response

Published on: November 10, 2023

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) were initially identified for their role in preventing programmed cell death (apoptosis).
  • Emerging evidence indicates IAPs also regulate other cell death pathways, such as necroptosis and pyroptosis.
  • Their involvement in cell death processes, particularly in cancer, has spurred interest in developing IAP inhibitors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the multifaceted roles of IAPs in apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis.
  • To explore the connection between IAP-mediated cell death and inflammatory responses.
  • To highlight how IAP antagonists, developed for cancer therapy, have advanced our understanding of these processes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on IAPs.
  • Analysis of IAP involvement across different programmed cell death paradigms.
  • Examination of the link between IAPs, cell death, and inflammation.

Main Results:

  • IAPs are key regulators not only of apoptosis but also of necroptosis and pyroptosis.
  • These cell death pathways are intrinsically linked to the modulation of inflammation.
  • IAPs play a direct role in regulating inflammatory processes.
  • IAP antagonist drugs have been instrumental in uncovering these broader functions.

Conclusions:

  • IAPs are crucial regulators of diverse cell death pathways, extending beyond apoptosis.
  • The interplay between IAPs, cell death, and inflammation is significant.
  • Targeting IAPs holds therapeutic potential for cancer and inflammatory diseases.