Prostate cancer detection rate in Indonesian men

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Oncology
• Public Health

Background:

• Prostate cancer is a significant health concern globally.
• Early detection through prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and biopsy is crucial for effective management.
• Understanding detection rates in specific populations like Indonesian men is vital for tailored screening strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the overall prostate cancer detection rate in Indonesian men via biopsy.
• To analyze the correlation between serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and cancer detection.
• To evaluate the impact of biopsy core number on detection rates and stage prostate cancer patients.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of data from Indonesian men undergoing prostate biopsy between 1995 and 2014.
• Biopsies were performed for PSA levels >4.0 ng/mL or suspected malignancy on digital rectal examination.
• Data included PSA levels, biopsy core numbers, and cancer staging.

Main Results:

• A total of 2942 men underwent biopsy, with 844 (28.7%) diagnosed with prostate cancer.
• Detection rates varied significantly with PSA levels: 21.0% (<4.0 ng/mL) to 92.9% (>100.0 ng/mL).
• Ten-core biopsies yielded a higher detection rate (31.6%) compared to six-core biopsies (22.4%, p<0.001).

Conclusions:

• The overall prostate cancer detection rate in Indonesian men was 28.7%.
• Detection rates increase with higher PSA levels.
• Observed detection rates in Indonesian men may be lower than in other populations, warranting further investigation.