Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

19.3K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
19.3K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

13.6K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
13.6K
ATP Synthase: Mechanism01:48

ATP Synthase: Mechanism

18.1K
In animals, the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase is the key protein that synthesizes ATP molecules through a complex catalytic mechanism. While the nuclear genome encodes the majority of ATP synthase subunits, the mitochondrial genome encodes some of the enzyme's most critical components. The formation of this multi-subunit enzyme is a complex multi-step process regulated at the level of transcription, translation, and assembly. Defects in one or more of these steps can result in decreased...
18.1K
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

17.5K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
17.5K
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

21.1K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
21.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A small-molecule stabilizer of the calpastatin-calpain-2 complex restores mitochondrial function and mitigates neurodegeneration.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Disrupting α-Synuclein-ClpP interaction restores mitochondrial function and attenuates neuropathology in Parkinson's disease models.

Molecular neurodegeneration·2025
Same author

Proteomimetic polymer blocks mitochondrial damage, rescues Huntington's neurons, and slows onset of neuropathology in vivo.

Science advances·2024
Same author

Methionine Sulfoxide Speciation in Mouse Hippocampus Revealed by Global Proteomics Exhibits Age- and Alzheimer's Disease-Dependent Changes Targeted to Mitochondrial and Glycolytic Pathways.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024
Same author

Author Correction: A selective inhibitor of mitofusin 1-βIIPKC association improves heart failure outcome in rats.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Allosteric control of dynamin-related protein 1 through a disordered C-terminal Short Linear Motif.

Nature communications·2024
Same journal

A pan-vertebrate signaling motif controls the molecular function of intracellular AQP12.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

Synergistic assembly, disassembly, and protection of complex forms of bundled F-actin.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

Recruitment and release of XPG during NER is controlled by pre- and post-incision factors and EXO1.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

Meiotic CENP-C supports centromere assembly and kinetochore recruitment in spermatogenesis.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

Phosphatidylserine and RhoB connect PI4P and PA metabolism to maintain plasma membrane identity.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

PIKfyve influences inter-organelle contacts with lysosomes to modulate the endoplasmic reticulum.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Decoding Mitochondrial Aging
08:48

Author Spotlight: Decoding Mitochondrial Aging

Published on: June 30, 2023

5.0K

eIF2α links mitochondrial dysfunction to dendritic degeneration.

Xin Qi1

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106 xxq38@case.edu.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|February 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondrial dysfunction can harm neurons, but why some are more vulnerable is unclear. This study reveals that eIF2α phosphorylation regulates selective dendritic loss in Drosophila neurons due to mitochondrial impairment.

More Related Videos

Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers
10:31

Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers

Published on: September 29, 2017

10.8K
Assessing Mitochondrial Function in Sciatic Nerve by High-Resolution Respirometry
08:19

Assessing Mitochondrial Function in Sciatic Nerve by High-Resolution Respirometry

Published on: May 5, 2022

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Decoding Mitochondrial Aging
08:48

Author Spotlight: Decoding Mitochondrial Aging

Published on: June 30, 2023

5.0K
Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers
10:31

Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers

Published on: September 29, 2017

10.8K
Assessing Mitochondrial Function in Sciatic Nerve by High-Resolution Respirometry
08:19

Assessing Mitochondrial Function in Sciatic Nerve by High-Resolution Respirometry

Published on: May 5, 2022

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to dendritic pathology in various neuron types.
  • The specific mechanisms underlying neuronal subtype vulnerability to mitochondrial impairment are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms driving selective dendritic loss in neurons experiencing mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • To identify key regulators involved in neuronal vulnerability to mitochondrial impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized *Drosophila* as a model organism.
  • Investigated the role of eIF2α phosphorylation in neuronal health and dendritic integrity.
  • Analyzed the connection between mitochondrial function and dendritic structure.

Main Results:

  • Identified eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) phosphorylation as a critical factor.
  • Demonstrated that eIF2α phosphorylation regulates mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated selective dendritic loss.
  • Provided insights into the differential vulnerability of neuronal subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • eIF2α phosphorylation acts as a key regulator in the process of selective dendritic loss caused by mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • This finding sheds light on the mechanisms of neuronal vulnerability and offers potential targets for therapeutic interventions.