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Arterial-ventricular coupling and parameters of vascular stiffness in hypertensive patients: Role of gender

Luca Faconti1, Rosa Maria Bruno2, Simona Buralli3

  • 1Department of Clinical and experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, King's College London, UK.

JRSM Cardiovascular Disease
|February 18, 2017
PubMed

Insights

In hypertensive patients, arterial elastance and gender are key factors influencing ventricular elastance. Pressure augmentation may also affect men, highlighting gender-specific cardiovascular dynamics.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Vascular Mechanics

Background:

  • Arterial-ventricular coupling is crucial for cardiovascular performance evaluation.
  • Limited data exists on arterial-ventricular coupling in hypertensive individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the relationship between left ventricular elastance and arterial elastance in hypertension.
  • Assess the influence of vascular stiffness parameters and gender on this coupling.

Main Methods:

  • 102 hypertensive patients underwent trans-thoracic cardiac ultrasound.
  • Aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity) and wave reflection (augmentation index) were measured.
  • Carotid artery intima-media thickness, compliance, and distensibility were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Ventricular elastance correlated with arterial elastance (r=0.887), age, gender, BMI, and augmentation index.
  • Arterial elastance and gender were independently associated with ventricular elastance.
  • In men, arterial elastance and augmentation index remained significant; in women, only arterial elastance was significant.

Conclusions:

  • Arterial elastance and gender are primary determinants of ventricular elastance in hypertension.
  • Pressure augmentation may play a role in men, suggesting gender-specific vascular load effects.
Abstract

Keywords:
Doppler ultrasoundOther hypertensionTranscranial Doppler etccardiologydiagnostic testingechocardiographyhypertensionimaging of the brain and arteries

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