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Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

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Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
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General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

1.7K
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
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Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
2.0K
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

1.4K
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
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Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery
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Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

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Anesthesia for fetal surgery.

Monica A Hoagland1, Debnath Chatterjee1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Colorado Fetal Care Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.

Paediatric Anaesthesia
|February 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fetal therapy offers advanced interventions like minimally invasive procedures. Anesthetic management is crucial for maternal and fetal safety, requiring careful patient selection and a multidisciplinary approach.

Keywords:
ex-utero intrapartum treatmentfetal heart ratefetal monitoringfetal resuscitationfetal therapyhydrops fetalis

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Area of Science:

  • Medical interventions
  • Surgical procedures
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Fetal therapy is a rapidly advancing medical field.
  • Innovations in prenatal imaging and surgical techniques enable complex fetal interventions.
  • Maternal risks associated with fetal interventions must be balanced with potential fetal benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current fetal intervention techniques.
  • To highlight the importance of anesthetic management in fetal therapy.
  • To emphasize critical factors for successful fetal treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of minimally invasive, open mid-gestation, and ex-utero intrapartum treatment procedures.
  • Discussion of anesthetic considerations for maternal and fetal well-being.
  • Emphasis on patient selection and multidisciplinary team collaboration.

Main Results:

  • A range of fetal interventions are now feasible.
  • Anesthetic management requires focus on uteroplacental circulation and uterine relaxation.
  • Careful patient selection and team-based care are paramount.

Conclusions:

  • Fetal therapy presents significant potential but carries maternal risks.
  • Optimizing anesthetic strategies is key to minimizing maternal and fetal complications.
  • A multidisciplinary approach ensures the best outcomes in fetal interventions.