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Peripheral aberrations in adult hyperopes, emmetropes and myopes
Uchechukwu L Osuagwu1, Marwan Suheimat1, David A Atchison1
1Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation and School of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Summary
Hyperopes and emmetropes exhibit relative peripheral myopia, unlike myopes. Refractive error primarily impacts spherical aberration, which is more positive in hyperopes, suggesting potential vertical eye length asymmetries.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Optometry
- Vision Science
Background:
- Peripheral refractive error and aberrations can influence visual quality and depth perception.
- Understanding these differences across refractive groups is crucial for accurate vision correction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare peripheral aberrations in hyperopic, emmetropic, and myopic individuals.
- To analyze differences in relative peripheral refraction error (RPRE) and Zernike coefficients.
Main Methods:
- Measured cycloplegic peripheral aberrations in 9 hyperopes, 20 emmetropes, and 20 myopes using a Hartmann-Shack aberrometer.
- Assessed aberrations across 39 locations within a 42° × 32° visual field for 5 mm pupils.
- Compared RPRE and 3rd-4th order Zernike coefficients between the refractive groups.
Main Results:
- Hyperopes and emmetropes showed relative peripheral myopia with significant nasal-temporal and superior-inferior asymmetries.
- Myopes exhibited minimal RPRE horizontally but developed myopia vertically.
- Fourth-order spherical aberration was significantly more positive in hyperopes compared to emmetropes and myopes.
Conclusions:
- Hyperopes and emmetropes demonstrate greater relative peripheral myopia than myopes.
- Asymmetries in RPRE suggest potential vertical peripheral eye length differences in hyperopes.
- Refractive error specifically influences spherical aberration, being more pronounced in hyperopes.
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