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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Myosin Structure and Function01:15

Overview of Myosin Structure and Function

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Myosins are a family of molecular motor proteins, first identified in the skeletal muscles, where they are responsible for muscle contraction. Along with their role in muscle contraction, these proteins also play a role in the intracellular transport of molecules and vesicles. There are twenty-four classes of myosins based on their domain sequence and organization. Of the twenty-four, six classes (Myosin I, Myosin II, Myosin V, Myosin VI, Myosin VII, and Myosin X)  have been well...
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In animals, the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase is the key protein that synthesizes ATP molecules through a complex catalytic mechanism. While the nuclear genome encodes the majority of ATP synthase subunits, the mitochondrial genome encodes some of the enzyme's most critical components. The formation of this multi-subunit enzyme is a complex multi-step process regulated at the level of transcription, translation, and assembly. Defects in one or more of these steps can result in decreased...
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ATP synthase or ATPase is among the most conserved proteins found in bacteria, mammals, and plants. This enzyme can catalyze a forward reaction in response to the electrochemical gradient, producing ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP synthase can also work in a reverse direction by hydrolyzing ATP and generating an electrochemical gradient. Different forms of ATP synthases have evolved special features to meet the specific demands of the cell. Based on their specific feature, ATP...
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V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
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Role of Myosin in Cell Migration01:18

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Myosins are multimeric motor proteins involved in various cellular processes such as migration, adhesion, and proliferation. Myosin II is the most common type in animal cells, which binds and cross-links actin filaments.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Myosin-Specific Adaptations of In vitro Fluorescence Microscopy-Based Motility Assays
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Characteristics of Myosin V Processivity.

Jun-Ping Zhang, Yi Liu, Wei Sun

    IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
    |February 18, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Myosin V, a motor protein, moves cargo within cells using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis. This study models its processive movement, providing new insights into its characteristics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Myosin V is a key biomolecular motor for intracellular transport of organelles and vesicles.
    • Its unidirectional movement is intrinsically linked to the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis cycle.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantitatively analyze the processive movement of Myosin V using a 4-state mechanochemical model.
    • To investigate the influence of ATP, ADP, and Pi concentrations on Myosin V's motility characteristics.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a 4-state mechanochemical model to describe Myosin V's processive movement.
    • Employed the master equation for quantitative analysis, fully incorporating reverse reaction effects.
    • Fitted theoretical curves to experimental data for mean velocity, dwell time, run length, and step directionality.

    Main Results:

    • Theoretical predictions from the 4-state model showed good agreement with experimental data.
    • The model successfully characterized Myosin V's movement as a function of ATP, ADP, and Pi concentrations.
    • Key motility parameters like mean velocity and run length were accurately fitted.

    Conclusions:

    • The 4-state mechanochemical model provides a robust framework for understanding Myosin V's processive motility.
    • This research offers valuable insights into the complex characteristics of Myosin V's motor function.
    • The quantitative analysis deepens our understanding of intracellular transport mechanisms mediated by Myosin V.