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Smartphone-based immunosensor for CA125 detection.

Oana Hosu1, Andrea Ravalli2, Giuseppe Mattia Lo Piccolo2

  • 1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu, Pasteur 4, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.

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Summary

A novel colorimetric immunosensor using smartphone technology was developed for detecting cancer antigen 125 (CA125). This point-of-care tool offers sensitive and selective early cancer biomarker detection.

Keywords:
Cancer biomarkerGold nanoparticlesImmunosensor

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a crucial biomarker for ovarian cancer monitoring.
  • Existing detection methods can be complex and time-consuming, limiting point-of-care applications.
  • There is a need for accessible and rapid diagnostic tools for early cancer detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and characterize a smartphone-based colorimetric immunosensor for CA125 detection.
  • To optimize the immunosensor's analytical performance, including sensitivity and selectivity.
  • To evaluate the potential of this system as a point-of-care diagnostic tool.

Main Methods:

  • A sandwich immunoassay strategy was employed with primary antibodies immobilized on a 3D nitrocellulose membrane.
  • Secondary antibodies labeled with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used for signal amplification via silver enhancement.
  • A smartphone camera and image processing algorithm were utilized for colorimetric detection and data analysis.

Main Results:

  • The developed immunosensor achieved a limit of detection of 30 U/mL for CA125.
  • The system demonstrated high selectivity, with no cross-reactivity observed against Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF).
  • Preliminary tests in spiked human serum samples showed promising results for real-world applicability.

Conclusions:

  • The smartphone-based colorimetric immunosensor is a sensitive and selective tool for CA125 detection.
  • This technology offers a powerful, portable, and cost-effective solution for early cancer biomarker monitoring.
  • The system holds significant potential as a next-generation point-of-care diagnostic device.