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Reproductive dysfunction and associated pathology in women undergoing military training
Robert M Gifford1,2, R M Reynolds1, J Greeves3
1British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK.
Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps
|February 19, 2017
Summary
Military training may cause reproductive dysfunction in female soldiers due to reduced energy availability, impacting ovulation and fertility. This is linked to the female athlete triad, affecting bone health and eating patterns.
Area of Science:
- Exercise physiology
- Reproductive endocrinology
- Military medicine
Background:
- Civilian athlete studies suggest military training may induce reproductive dysfunction in female soldiers.
- Reproductive dysfunction includes impaired ovulation and potential long-term subfertility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential for reproductive dysfunction in female soldiers undergoing military training.
- To explore factors contributing to reproductive dysfunction in this population.
Main Methods:
- A critical review of existing literature was conducted through an extensive search.
Main Results:
- Reduced energy availability is the primary suspected cause of exercise-induced reproductive dysfunction.
- Reproductive dysfunction is mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes, with hormonal changes (ghrelin, leptin) playing a role.
- This dysfunction is part of the female athlete triad (osteopenia, disordered eating).
Conclusions:
- Future research is needed to fully characterize reproductive dysfunction in military women.
- Potential interventions could be identified to improve the well-being of female service members.
Keywords:
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