Changes in IL-4 and IL-13 expression in allergic-rhinitis treated with hydrogen-rich saline in guinea-pig model

Medical gas hydrogen (H₂) has a special role in airway inflammation; however, the effect of H₂ on allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. This study explored the possible roles of H2 on the pathogenesis of AR and observed the influences of H₂ on cytokines IL-4 and IL-13.

An AR guinea pig model was established by nasal ovalbumin sensitisation. Eighteen guinea pigs were divided into three groups, namely, saline control, AR-sensitised, and hydrogen-rich saline (HRS)-treated groups, with each group having six guinea pigs. The frequencies of sneezing and scratching were recorded. The IgE level and cytokine (IL-4 and IL-13) levels in the serum were measured. The expression levels of IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA and protein in the nasal mucosa were also determined by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. We also observed the infiltration of cytokine (IL-4 and IL-13) in nasal mucosa by immunofluorescence.

The frequencies of sneezing and scratching, as well as the levels of IgE, IL-4, and IL-13, in the serum were higher in the AR group than in the control group (p<0.01), whereas all these parameters were decreased significantly after HRS treatment (p<0.05). The expression levels of IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA and protein in the nasal mucosa were also lower in guinea pigs treated with HRS than those in the AR group (p<0.05).

HRS could affect anti-inflammation in AR and decreased the expression of IL-4 and IL-13.