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Related Concept Videos

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
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Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

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Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

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Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
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A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
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Vitamin D supplementation guidelines.

Pawel Pludowski1, Michael F Holick2, William B Grant3

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|February 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Vitamin D influences bone health and has broader effects on chronic diseases. Recommendations for vitamin D intake vary, emphasizing personalized choices for optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.

Keywords:
25(OH)DExtra-skeletal effectsGlobalPleiotropicRecommendationsVitamin D

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Vitamin D's role extends beyond calcium and bone metabolism to pleiotropic effects.
  • Observational studies link higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] to better outcomes in various diseases.
  • Scientific bodies have issued guidelines for vitamin D supplementation and optimal serum 25(OH)D levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolving understanding of vitamin D's functions.
  • To compare different recommendations for vitamin D intake and target serum concentrations.
  • To discuss factors influencing the choice of appropriate vitamin D guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of research on vitamin D actions and observational studies.
  • Analysis of existing guidelines from scientific organizations.
  • Discussion of factors influencing vitamin D requirements.

Main Results:

  • Two main guideline sets exist: bone-centric (20ng/mL) and pleiotropic-focused (30ng/mL).
  • Recommended daily vitamin D doses range from 400-800 IU (bone) to 400-2000 IU (pleiotropic), varying by individual factors.
  • Natural vitamin D sources are often insufficient for maintaining optimal year-round levels.

Conclusions:

  • Choosing vitamin D recommendations requires considering individual health goals, age, weight, and lifestyle.
  • Guidelines should be adaptable to individual needs for practical clinical application.
  • Adverse effects from vitamin D supplementation are rare and typically associated with excessive doses.