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HIV and kidney: a dangerous liaison
Alessia Bertoldi1, Elisa De Crignis2, Anna Miserocchi1,3
1Microbiology Section, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy.
The New Microbiologica
|February 21, 2017
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects HIV-infected individuals due to antiretroviral drugs and traditional risk factors. Monitoring kidney health is crucial for HIV patients, as kidneys can be a viral reservoir.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Background:
- Kidney disease affects 2.4-17% of HIV-infected individuals.
- Antiretroviral therapy has reduced HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) but CKD remains a concern.
- HIV infects renal cells, making kidneys a potential viral reservoir.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review risk factors for CKD in HIV-infected patients.
- To discuss the role of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy in kidney damage.
- To emphasize the importance of monitoring renal status in HIV patients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on HIV and kidney disease.
- Analysis of epidemiological data and pathogenesis of renal damage.
- Synthesis of information on risk factors and therapeutic implications.
Main Results:
- HIVAN prevalence has decreased due to effective antiretroviral drugs.
- Long-term antiretroviral exposure and traditional risk factors contribute to CKD.
- Kidney damage is linked to viral infection and drug toxicity.
Conclusions:
- Impaired kidney function is a significant issue in HIV management.
- Regular kidney monitoring is essential for HIV-infected patients.
- Understanding pathogenesis aids in preventing and managing HIV-related kidney disease.