Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

1.9K
Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this...
1.9K
Pulmonary Function Tests01:25

Pulmonary Function Tests

946
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
946
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities01:22

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

6.4K
The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
6.4K
Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

1.6K
Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
1.6K
Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

56.8K
The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
56.8K
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

3.5K
Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
3.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Successful Use of Easyhaler<sup>®</sup> Dry Powder Inhaler in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Analysis of Peak Inspiratory Flow from Three Clinical Trials.

Pulmonary therapy·2024
Same author

Detection of prostate cancer bone metastases with fast whole-body <sup>99m</sup>Tc-HMDP SPECT/CT using a general-purpose CZT system.

EJNMMI physics·2022
Same author

Comparison of reprojected bone SPECT/CT and planar bone scintigraphy for the detection of bone metastases in breast and prostate cancer.

Nuclear medicine communications·2022
Same author

A Prospective Comparison of <sup>18</sup>F-prostate-specific Membrane Antigen-1007 Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Whole-body 1.5 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Diffusion-weighted Imaging, and Single-photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography with Traditional Imaging in Primary Distant Metastasis Staging of Prostate Cancer (PROSTAGE).

European urology oncology·2020
Same author

Validation of the Finnish severe respiratory insufficiency questionnaire.

The clinical respiratory journal·2020
Same author

Predictors of New Airway Obstruction - An 11 Year's Population-Based Follow-Up Study.

COPD·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies
08:44

Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.4K

Reference values for pulmonary diffusing capacity for adult native Finns.

Annette Kainu1, Jyri Toikka2, Esko Vanninen3

  • 1a HUCH Heart and Lung Center , Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation
|February 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Updated pulmonary diffusing capacity reference values are needed for Finnish adults, as old values overestimate lung function. This study provides new models for diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and related lung volumes.

Keywords:
Pulmonary diffusing capacitypulmonary gas exchangereference valuesrespiratory function tests

More Related Videos

Phenotyping Mouse Pulmonary Function In Vivo with the Lung Diffusing Capacity
07:13

Phenotyping Mouse Pulmonary Function In Vivo with the Lung Diffusing Capacity

Published on: January 6, 2015

11.2K
Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise
07:09

Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise

Published on: February 20, 2017

13.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies
08:44

Author Spotlight: Integrating Alveolar-Capillary Reserve Measurements in Exercise Adaptation and Therapeutic Strategies

Published on: February 2, 2024

1.4K
Phenotyping Mouse Pulmonary Function In Vivo with the Lung Diffusing Capacity
07:13

Phenotyping Mouse Pulmonary Function In Vivo with the Lung Diffusing Capacity

Published on: January 6, 2015

11.2K
Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise
07:09

Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise

Published on: February 20, 2017

13.8K

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary medicine
  • Respiratory physiology

Background:

  • Current Finnish reference values for pulmonary diffusing capacity, established in 1982, are outdated.
  • International measurement standards were updated in 2005 by the ATS/ERS Task Force.
  • The use of outdated reference values may lead to inaccurate clinical assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop updated reference models for single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) in Finnish adults.
  • To compare new reference values with previously used Finnish and European Coalition for Steel and Coal (ECSC) values.
  • To provide clinically relevant reference values for DLCO and associated lung volumes.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 631 healthy, non-smoking Finnish volunteers (41.5% male).
  • Measurement of single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO).
  • Calculation of reference values for DLCO, alveolar volume (VA), DLCO/VA, and other lung volumes using linear regression.

Main Results:

  • Previously used Finnish reference values resulted in overestimations of predicted DLCO (111.0% males, 104.4% females) and DLCO/VA (103.5% males, 102.7% females).
  • The ECSC reference values showed a significant sex difference in DLCO/VA (105.4% males vs. 92.8% females).
  • New reference values for DLCO, DLCO/VA, VA, vital capacity (VC), inspiratory vital capacity (IVC), and inspiratory capacity (IC) were derived.

Conclusions:

  • The outdated Finnish reference values for pulmonary diffusing capacity should be replaced.
  • The developed reference models provide more accurate estimates for DLCO and related lung volumes in Finnish adults.
  • These new values are recommended for clinical application to improve diagnostic accuracy.