[Colonic neuroendocrinology]

The intrinsic innervation of the colon is provided by enteric plexi, of which some axons form the neuro-enterocytic junction and others are interconnecting. The extrinsic innervation depends on the autonomous para- and ortho-sympathetic nervous system and is modulated and administered by the central nervous system. Neurotransmission occurs at the level of the mucosa through acetyl-cholin and VIP, among others. At the level of the sub-mucous ganglia, serotonin and enkephalins would play a role. Acetyl-cholin and, probably VIP are neurotransmitters of the para-sympathetic system; nor-adrenalin, dopamine, NPY and histamine are neurotransmitters of the orthosympathetic system. Prevertebral ganglia, relay of the orthosympathetic system, also have an activity per se, influenced by VIP and substance P. Many neuropeptides of the central nervous system have a presumed and not yet identified role of administration. Various diseases in which the enteric plexi are destroyed, are described.