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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
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Carbon dioxide fixation in prokaryotes enables the assimilation of inorganic carbon into organic molecules, supporting biosynthetic pathways, sustaining ecosystems, and contributing to the global carbon cycle. It also has industrial applications in carbon capture and bioproduct synthesis. Autotrophic organisms rely on this process to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source in diverse environments.The Calvin CycleThe Calvin cycle is the most widespread carbon fixation mechanism, primarily used by...
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Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis01:13

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For many years, scientists thought that enzyme-substrate binding took place in a simple "lock-and-key" fashion. This model stated that the enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly in one instantaneous step. However, current research supports a more refined view scientists call induced fit. The induced-fit model expands upon the lock-and-key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate. As the enzyme and substrate come together, their interaction causes...
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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
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The Calvin Benson Cycle01:46

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Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes carbon dioxide assimilation during photosynthesis. However, it is an inefficient enzyme, having an extremely slow catalytic rate. A typical enzyme can process about a thousand molecules per second; however, RuBisCo fixes only around three-carbon dioxides per second. Photosynthetic cells compensate for this slow rate by synthesizing very high amounts of RuBisCo, making it the most abundant single...
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Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
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Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy

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CO2 Catalysis.

Arjan W Kleij1, Michael North2, Atsushi Urakawa1

  • 1Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.

Chemsuschem
|February 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This editorial introduces a special issue on Carbon Dioxide Conversion Catalysis. It highlights the importance and industrial applications of converting CO2 into valuable products like fuels and cyclic carbonates.

Keywords:
carbon sequestrationcyclic carbonatesfuelspolymersrenewable resources

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Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Green Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion catalysis is crucial for sustainable chemical processes.
  • Developing efficient catalysts for CO2 utilization is a key area of research.

Discussion:

  • This editorial introduces a Special Issue focused on advancements in CO2 conversion catalysis.
  • It emphasizes the significance of CO2 utilization in modern chemical industries.
  • Examples of industrial applications, including cyclic carbonate synthesis and CO2-to-fuel conversion, are presented.

Key Insights:

  • CO2 conversion catalysis offers pathways to valorize a greenhouse gas into useful chemicals.
  • Industrial adoption of CO2 conversion technologies is growing.

Outlook:

  • Future research will likely focus on improving catalyst efficiency, selectivity, and economic viability.
  • Expanding the scope of CO2 conversion to a wider range of products is anticipated.