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In vivo Optogenetic Stimulation of the Rodent Central Nervous System
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One-step optogenetics with multifunctional flexible polymer fibers.

Seongjun Park1,2, Yuanyuan Guo3,4,5, Xiaoting Jia5

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

Nature Neuroscience
|February 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel polymer probe for optogenetics, integrating optical stimulation and neural recording. This device enables high-fidelity, chronic brain circuit interrogation in mice.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Optogenetic studies require precise delivery of opsins and simultaneous optical/electrical monitoring.
  • Integrating these functions onto a single, biocompatible neural probe presents significant engineering challenges.
  • Existing multifunctional probes often struggle with seamless integration of all necessary components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, integrated neural probe for multimodal optogenetic investigations.
  • To overcome limitations in current devices for simultaneous neural recording and optical stimulation.
  • To enable high-fidelity, chronic interrogation of neural circuits in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a polymer-based neural probe using fiber drawing, incorporating an optical waveguide, electrodes, and microfluidic channels.
  • Utilizing the probe for viral vector delivery of opsins and subsequent opto-electrophysiological recordings.
  • Implanting multiple miniature probes (<200 μm) into the mouse brain for chronic studies.

Main Results:

  • Successful integration of optical stimulation, neural recording, and viral vector delivery in a single flexible probe.
  • Demonstrated high-fidelity, chronic multimodal interrogation of neural circuits in mouse models.
  • Minimized tissue response due to the probe's polymer composition and small footprint.

Conclusions:

  • The developed polymer probe offers a versatile platform for advanced optogenetic research.
  • This technology facilitates in-depth investigation of neural circuit dynamics during behavior.
  • The probe's design minimizes invasiveness, enabling long-term, high-quality neural circuit analysis.