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Related Concept Videos

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs01:02

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

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Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
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Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

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Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
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Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

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Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Drug Toxicity: Risk factors01:24

Drug Toxicity: Risk factors

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Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are potential complications that arise during pharmacotherapy, influenced by multiple risk factors. Age plays a significant role; both neonates and the elderly are at heightened risk due to their respective immature and diminished metabolic and elimination processes. Gender also impacts ADRs, with females experiencing a 1.5 to 1.7-fold greater risk than males, which may be linked to pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and hormonal differences. Notably, neonates, the...
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Off-Label Prescribing and Polypharmacy: Minimizing the Risks.

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    Nurses can improve patient care by addressing off-label prescribing and polypharmacy. Educating patients and performing medication reconciliation helps reduce side effects and drug interactions, enhancing patient outcomes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nursing
    • Pharmacology
    • Patient Safety

    Background:

    • Off-label prescribing and polypharmacy are prevalent in healthcare.
    • Lack of interprofessional collaboration exacerbates medication-related issues.
    • Patients often receive multiple medications from various providers without coordination.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the role of nurses in managing off-label prescribing and polypharmacy.
    • To highlight strategies for nurses to improve medication safety and patient outcomes.
    • To emphasize the importance of patient education and medication reconciliation.

    Main Methods:

    • Reviewing medication reconciliation processes, including over-the-counter agents.
    • Identifying U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved indications and potential off-label uses.
    • Analyzing overlapping side effects and potential drug-drug interactions.

    Main Results:

    • Nurses can identify risks associated with polypharmacy and off-label use.
    • Medication reconciliation is crucial for uncovering potential medication-related problems.
    • Identifying overlapping side effects aids in preventing adverse events.

    Conclusions:

    • Nurses play a vital role in facilitating prescriber collaboration to reduce polypharmacy.
    • Patient education on medication indications, risks, and benefits is essential.
    • Effective medication management by nurses improves patient outcomes and quality of life.