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Validation of the comprehensive feeding practice questionnaire among school aged children in Jordan: a factor
Walid A Al-Qerem1, Jonathan Ling2, Abdul Qader AlBawab3
1Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan. waleed.qirim@zuj.edu.jo.
Insights
This study validated the Arabic Comprehensive Feeding Practice questionnaire (CFPQ) in the Middle East, finding maternal feeding practices significantly impact child weight status. The validated 11-factor model offers insights into childhood obesity prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
Background:
- Childhood obesity is a growing global health concern, particularly in the Middle East.
- Limited research exists on parental feeding practices and their influence on childhood obesity in this region.
- The Comprehensive Feeding Practice questionnaire (CFPQ) lacked validation in the Middle Eastern context.
Purpose of the Study:
- To validate the Arabic translated version of the Comprehensive Feeding Practice questionnaire (CFPQ) for use in the Middle East.
- To investigate the association between maternal feeding practices and the weight status of children aged 6-12 years.
- To identify specific feeding practices linked to healthy or unhealthy weight status in children.
Main Methods:
- Validated the Arabic CFPQ using confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis on data from 970 children (aged 6-12).
- Measured children's height and weight to determine weight status (obese, overweight, healthy).
- Employed ordinal logistic regression to analyze the relationship between maternal feeding practices and child weight status.
Main Results:
- The original 12-factor structure of the CFPQ was unsuitable; an 11-factor model demonstrated the best fit for the study sample.
- 12.6% of children were obese and 25.1% were overweight.
- Maternal practices like Restriction (health/weight), Emotional regulation, and high maternal BMI were negatively associated with healthy weight, while Modelling, Monitoring, Child Control, Environment, Involvement, and Teach/Encourage were positively associated.
Conclusions:
- The Arabic CFPQ was successfully validated, with an 11-factor structure proving most suitable.
- Maternal feeding practices are significantly associated with child weight status, highlighting their importance in obesity management.
- The validated questionnaire can inform culturally relevant interventions to combat childhood obesity in the Middle East.
Background:
Obesity has become a significant worldwide contributor to morbidity with an alarming increase in the incidence of childhood obesity. Few studies have evaluated parental feeding practices and their impact on child obesity in the Middle East. The Comprehensive Feeding Practice questionnaire (CFPQ; Musher-Eizenman & Holub, 2007) has been validated in different age groups and in different countries, however no previous studies have validated the questionnaire in the Middle East.
Method:
In this study, 970 children aged 6-12 completed the Arabic translated version of the CFPQ. The height and weight of the children were also measured. Confirmatory factor and exploratory factor analysis were used to evaluate different factor models. An ordinal logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the association between maternal feeding practices and child weight status.
Results:
Confirmatory analysis of the CFPQ determined that the original 12 factor structure of the questionnaire was not suitable for this sample. The analysis suggested that the most suitable structure was an 11 factors model (CMIN/DF = 2.18, GFI = 0.92, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.92 and RMSEA = 0.03) that included Modelling, Monitoring, Child control, Food as a reward, Emotional regulation, Involvement, Restriction for health, Restriction for weight control, Environment, Teach and encourage and Pressure. Of the children tested, 12.6% were obese and 25.1% were overweight. The ordinal regression showed Restriction to health and weight, Emotional regulation and maternal BMI were negatively associated with healthy weight status, while Modelling, Monitoring, Child Control, Environment, Involvement, and Teach and encourage were positively associated with healthy weight status.
Conclusion:
The Arabic translated version of the CFPQ was validated among the study sample, and the best fit for the model was found to utilize 11 factors. This study indicated that child weight status was associated with maternal feeding practices.
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