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Distinction between 'A'-esterases and arylesterases. Implications for esterase classification.

M I Mackness1, H M Thompson, A R Hardy

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Berks, U.K.

The Biochemical Journal
|July 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Bird and mammal sera reveal distinct esterase activities. While mammals possess both 'A'-esterase and arylesterase, birds predominantly exhibit arylesterase, suggesting a need for reclassification of these enzymes.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • 'A'-esterase and arylesterase are enzyme activities found in vertebrate sera.
  • Previous research has often grouped these activities, potentially overlooking functional differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare 'A'-esterase and arylesterase activities across diverse avian and mammalian species.
  • To determine if a functional distinction exists between 'A'-esterase and arylesterase in serum.

Main Methods:

  • Assaying 'A'-esterase (using paraoxon and pirimiphos-methyloxon) and arylesterase (using phenyl acetate) activities in serum samples.
  • Analyzing sera from 14 bird species (seven orders) and 11 mammal species (five orders).
  • Utilizing gel filtration chromatography to separate enzyme activities in human serum.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • All 11 mammal species exhibited both 'A'-esterase and arylesterase activities.
  • Ten of 14 bird species showed no detectable 'A'-esterase activity; the remaining four had low levels.
  • All bird species displayed significant arylesterase activity, distinct from 'A'-esterase.
  • In humans, gel filtration separated paraoxonase and arylesterase activities, confirming distinct enzyme entities.

Conclusions:

  • Serum enzymes exist that possess arylesterase activity but lack 'A'-esterase activity in both birds and humans.
  • A clear functional and biochemical distinction between 'A'-esterase and arylesterase is evident in the studied species.
  • Future enzyme classifications should differentiate between 'A'-esterase and arylesterase activities based on these findings.