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Multiple sclerosis and nephrolithiasis: a matched-case comparative study.

Vishnu Ganesan1, Wen Min Chen2, Rajat Jain3

  • 1Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.

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|February 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have higher rates of calcium phosphate and struvite kidney stones. Bladder emptying methods, like catheterization, are linked to stone formation in MS patients.

Keywords:
case controlkidney calculimobilitymultiple sclerosisnephrolithiasisrisk factorspinal cord injury

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Neurology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease.
  • Kidney stone disease is a common comorbidity in patients with neurological conditions.
  • Understanding stone composition and risk factors in MS patients is crucial for management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare kidney stone composition and serum/urine biochemistries in patients with MS versus those without MS.
  • To investigate the association between mobility, bladder emptying methods, and kidney stone formation in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study of patients with MS and kidney stone disease.
  • Matching of cases with controls based on age, BMI, and sex.
  • Collection of data on stone composition, 24-hour urine biochemistry, serum markers, and bladder management.

Main Results:

  • MS patients were more likely to have calcium phosphate (42% vs 15%) and struvite stones (8% vs 3%) compared to controls.
  • Use of intermittent straight catheterization (ISC) or indwelling catheters for bladder emptying was significantly associated with stone disease (OR 3.50 and 9.78, respectively).
  • No significant differences in urinary stone risk factors (e.g., calcium, citrate, oxalate) were observed between MS patients and controls.

Conclusions:

  • MS patients exhibit a higher incidence of calcium phosphate and struvite stones, similar to patients with spinal cord injuries.
  • Bladder management methods, particularly catheterization, are identified as significant risk factors for stone disease in MS.
  • Prompt treatment of urinary tract infections and judicious use of bladder management techniques are recommended for MS patients.