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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

7.2K
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
7.2K
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

1.7K
Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
1.7K
Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

13.8K
The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
13.8K
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

16.4K
An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage....
16.4K
Instrumentation Amplifier01:25

Instrumentation Amplifier

1.2K
An electrocardiography (ECG) machine is an essential piece of medical equipment used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart. It operates by detecting small electrical changes on the skin that result from the depolarization of the heart muscle during each heartbeat. However, these signals are in the microvolt range and can be easily overwhelmed by noise or interference.
To overcome this challenge, an ECG machine utilizes an instrumentation amplifier. This specialized amplifier is...
1.2K
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

730
Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
730

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
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Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System

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A Modular Low-Complexity ECG Delineation Algorithm for Real-Time Embedded Systems.

Jose Manuel Bote, Joaquin Recas, Francisco Rincon

    IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
    |February 22, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel, low-complexity algorithm for real-time electrocardiogram (ECG) wave delineation. Optimized for embedded systems, it efficiently detects key ECG features, even on resource-constrained devices.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Signal Processing
    • Medical Devices

    Background:

    • Accurate electrocardiogram (ECG) wave delineation is crucial for diagnosing cardiac conditions.
    • Existing algorithms often struggle with resource limitations in embedded systems.
    • Real-time processing demands efficient and low-complexity solutions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a modular, low-complexity algorithm for ECG wave delineation (QRS, P, T peaks, onsets, and ends).
    • To enable real-time ECG analysis on resource-constrained embedded systems.
    • To create an adaptive algorithm that adjusts delineation quality based on detected arrhythmia and sampling rates.

    Main Methods:

    • A new modular algorithm designed for low computational complexity and minimal memory footprint.
    • Runtime adjustment of delineation quality and sampling rates, from ultralow-power to high-accuracy modes.
    • Algorithm tuning using the QT database and validation with the MIT database.

    Main Results:

    • The algorithm achieves high sensitivity and positive predictivity for ECG fiducial point detection.
    • Delineation errors are within Common Standards for Electrocardiography Committee tolerances in high-accuracy mode, except for P wave onset.
    • Computational load on an 8-MHz TI MSP430 microcontroller ranges from 0.2% to 8.5%.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed algorithm offers efficient, real-time ECG delineation suitable for embedded systems.
    • Its modularity and adaptive nature allow for flexible performance across different power and accuracy requirements.
    • The algorithm demonstrates high accuracy, meeting most industry standards for critical ECG analysis.