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Cancer Mortality in Hispanic Ethnic Groups.

Paulo S Pinheiro1, Karen E Callahan2, Rebecca L Siegel3

  • 1School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada. paulo.pinheiro@unlv.edu.

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
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Cancer mortality rates in Florida vary significantly among Hispanic ethnic groups. Cubans and Puerto Ricans face higher risks for certain cancers, highlighting the need for tailored public health strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Cancer is the leading cause of death for Hispanic populations in the U.S.
  • Quantifying cancer mortality burden within diverse Hispanic groups is crucial.
  • Existing data often aggregates Hispanic populations, masking significant subgroup variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To precisely quantify cancer mortality rates among major Hispanic ethnic groups in Florida.
  • To compare cancer mortality risks between Hispanic subgroups and non-Hispanic whites (NHW).
  • To identify specific cancer types with disproportionately high mortality in certain Hispanic groups.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cancer mortality data in Florida from 2008-2012.
  • Stratification of data by race, ethnicity, and birthplace for major Hispanic groups (Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Central Americans, South Americans, Dominicans).
  • Use of age-adjusted mortality rate ratios from negative binomial regression for comparative analysis against NHW.

Main Results:

  • Overall cancer mortality rates were lower for Hispanics compared to NHW, largely due to lower lung and breast cancer rates.
  • Hispanics exhibited higher mortality risks for infection-related stomach and liver cancers.
  • Significant variations observed: Mexicans had the lowest mortality, while Cubans had the highest, with increased risks for colorectal, endometrial, and prostate cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Cuban and Puerto Rican populations showed significantly higher cancer mortality rates compared to other Hispanic subgroups.
  • Evidence of increasing diet and obesity-related cancers in established U.S. Hispanic populations.
  • Specific ethnic groups demonstrated unique cancer mortality patterns (e.g., Cubans for colorectal, Puerto Ricans for liver, Dominicans for prostate), necessitating targeted public health interventions.