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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
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Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
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Sympathetic Pathways: Sympathetic Chain Ganglia01:20

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The sympathetic chain ganglia, also known as the sympathetic trunk ganglia or paravertebral ganglia, are a series of ganglia located bilaterally on either side of the spinal column. These ganglia serve as relay stations for the sympathetic nervous system. Preganglionic neurons originating in the spinal cord project their axons to the sympathetic chain ganglia. Within the ganglia, these preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic neurons.The postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic trunk...
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Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division01:18

Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division

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The cranial part of the parasympathetic division plays a crucial role in regulating the visceral functions of the head and specific structures in the neck, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities. Preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division exit the brain through cranial nerves III (oculomotor), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagus), delivering parasympathetic output to the respective visceral structures.
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Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring Peripheral Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain in Trigeminal Nerve Injury
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Trigeminal Trophic Syndrome.

K M Acharya, B H Shah

    Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
    |February 23, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A rare case of trigeminal trophic syndrome, a condition affecting facial nerves, was observed in an adult male. This report reviews existing literature on this uncommon neurological disorder.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Dermatology

    Background:

    • Trigeminal trophic syndrome (TTS) is a rare condition characterized by facial ulcerations.
    • It is associated with damage to the trigeminal nerve pathways.

    Observation:

    • This report details a rare case of trigeminal trophic syndrome in an adult male.
    • The patient presented with characteristic ulcerations and sensory disturbances.

    Findings:

    • The case presentation aligns with the diagnostic criteria for trigeminal trophic syndrome.
    • Review of literature indicates a paucity of reported adult male cases.

    Implications:

    • This case contributes to the understanding of trigeminal trophic syndrome epidemiology.
    • Further research is warranted to explore underlying mechanisms and treatment strategies for TTS.