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Relationship between functional and structural retinal changes in myopic eyes.

Zafer Fahiem Ismael1, Amany Abd El-Fattah El-Shazly1, Yousra Ahmed Farweez1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Clinical & Experimental Optometry
|February 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Myopia is linked to retinal structural and functional changes, with longer axial length being a key factor. These changes correlate with visual acuity and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.

Keywords:
axial lengthdegrees of myopiamean Q retinal response densitymultifocal ERGretinal nerve fibre layerretinal response density

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Imaging
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Myopia is a prevalent refractive error with potential structural and functional retinal consequences.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for managing myopia and preventing associated complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate retinal structure and function in different myopia grades.
  • To correlate structural and functional changes with myopia severity.
  • To identify key determinants of these alterations.

Main Methods:

  • 80 participants were categorized into emmetropia and mild, moderate, or high myopia groups.
  • Comprehensive ophthalmologic exams included visual acuity, axial length, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and multifocal electroretinogram (mf-ERG).

Main Results:

  • Increased axial length and thinner retinal nerve fiber layer were observed with higher myopia grades.
  • mf-ERG showed reduced amplitude and prolonged implicit times, worsening with myopia severity.
  • Axial length was the primary determinant of mf-ERG responses; visual acuity, axial length, and RNFL thickness determined mean quadrant response density.

Conclusions:

  • Myopic retinas exhibit significant structural and functional alterations compared to emmetropes.
  • These changes are associated with increased axial length and refractive error.
  • Axial length and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness are critical factors influencing retinal function in myopia.