Expression of amplified cDNA and genomic sequences encoding human interleukin 2 in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Expression of human interleukin 2 (IL-2) at high levels has been achieved in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells by amplification of transfected sequences. Plasmids containing the human IL-2 cDNA or genomic DNA and mouse dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) cDNA were transfected into DHFR-negative CHO cells. Transformants expressing DHFR were selected in media lacking nucleosides, and cells which amplified both DHFR and IL-2 genes were obtained by exposure to increasing methotrexate (MTX) concentrations. These cell lines constitutively expressed elevated levels of IL-2 at a concentration of 2 mg/liter. These cell lines continued to produce IL-2 stably through at least 1 month, even in the absence of MTX.