Comparing six antihypertensive medication classes for preventing new-onset diabetes mellitus among hypertensive...

Hypertensive patients usually have a higher risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NOD) which may trigger cardiovascular diseases. In this study, the effectiveness of six antihypertensive agents with respect to NOD prevention in hypertensive patients was assessed. A network meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy of specific drug classes. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for relevant articles. Results of the pairwised meta-analysis were illustrated by odd ratios (OR) and a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). The probabilities and outcome of each treatment were ranked and summarized using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA).Twenty-three trials were identified, including 224,832 patients with an average follow-up period of 3.9 ± 1.0 years. The network meta-analysis showed that patients treated by angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) were associated with a lower risk of NOD compared to placebo (PCB), calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and β-blockers, while diuretic appeared to be ineffective for NOD prevention. Network meta-analysis results of specific drugs showed that enalapril exhibited distinct advantages and hydrochlorothiazide also exhibited a reliable performance. Our results suggested that both ARBs and angiotensin converse enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), especially candesartan and enalapril, were preferable for NOD prevention in hypertensive patients. Hydrochlorothiazide also exhibited a reliable performance in comparison with other agents.