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Related Concept Videos

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma
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Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

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Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
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A Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Therapy for Bronchial Asthma: Moxibustion
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The interaction between bronchoconstriction and cough in asthma.

Imran Satia1,2, Huda Badri1, Mark Woodhead1,3

  • 1Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.

Thorax
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Summary

In asthma patients, acute bronchoconstriction intensifies the cough reflex. However, coughing did not affect airway constriction, suggesting airway nerves are more sensitive during asthma attacks.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Physiology

Background:

  • Asthma is characterized by variable airflow obstruction.
  • The interplay between bronchoconstriction and the cough reflex in asthma remains unclear.

Discussion:

  • Acute bronchoconstriction exacerbates cough responses to capsaicin in asthma patients.
  • Resolution of bronchoconstriction correlates with reduced cough sensitivity.
  • Coughing itself does not influence the degree of methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction.

Key Insights:

  • Bronchoconstriction sensitizes capsaicin-responsive airway nerves.
  • The cough reflex is modulated by airway caliber in asthma.
  • Coughing is a consequence, not a cause, of bronchoconstriction severity.

Outlook:

  • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms and mediators involved.
  • Understanding these interactions may lead to novel therapeutic targets for cough in asthma.
  • Investigating neural pathways involved in cough hypersensitivity during bronchoconstriction is warranted.