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A retrospective study of viral central nervous system infections: relationship amongst aetiology, clinical course and

Guido Calleri1, Valentina Libanore2, Silvia Corcione3

  • 1Travel Medicine Unit, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149, Turin, Italy. guido.calleri@aslto2.piemonte.it.

Infection
|February 26, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Viral central nervous system (CNS) infections present distinct patterns. Enteroviruses typically cause meningitis in younger patients, while herpesviruses are linked to encephalitis in older individuals, with differing outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Viral central nervous system (CNS) infections are a significant cause of neurological morbidity.
  • Distinguishing between viral meningitis and encephalitis is crucial for appropriate management and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the clinical presentation of viral CNS infections.
  • To compare the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of viral meningitis versus encephalitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 138 cases of viral meningitis and meningoencephalitis.
  • Real-world data collection from a referral center in Turin, Northern Italy.

Main Results:

  • Enteroviruses were common in younger patients, predominantly causing meningitis with shorter hospital stays and fewer complications.
  • Herpesviruses were more frequent in elderly patients, often presenting as encephalitis with prolonged hospitalization, complications, and sequelae.

Conclusions:

  • Viral CNS infections represent at least two distinct clinical entities.
  • These entities differ in their epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and prognostic outcomes.
Keywords:
Case seriesCentral nervous systemEncephalitisMeningitisRetrospectiveViral diseases

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