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Related Experiment Video

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Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
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Informative Cues Facilitate Saccadic Localization in Blindsight Monkeys.

Masatoshi Yoshida1, Ziad M Hafed2, Tadashi Isa3

  • 1Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazaki, Japan; School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesHayama, Japan.

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience
|February 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blindsight, or residual vision after primary visual cortex (V1) damage, can be guided by top-down knowledge. V1-lesioned monkeys used informative cues to improve saccade accuracy and speed, suggesting enhanced visuomotor processing.

Keywords:
Posner cueingblindsightcovert visual attentioneye movementsmacaque monkeys

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Damage to the primary visual cortex (V1) results in blindsight, where individuals perform visual tasks without conscious awareness.
  • Macaque monkeys with V1 lesions serve as a model for studying blindsight mechanisms, showing residual performance in localization and attention tasks.
  • The role of top-down cognitive control in modulating residual vision after V1 damage remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether top-down task knowledge can modulate residual visuomotor processing in V1-lesioned monkeys.
  • To determine if informative cues can enhance stimulus localization and guiding orienting behavior in the absence of V1.

Main Methods:

  • Two macaque monkeys with surgically induced unilateral V1 lesions were tested on a visually guided saccade task.
  • An informative foveal pre-cue (arrow or color) indicated the likely target location, with valid cues presented 80% of the time.
  • Saccade reaction times and accuracy towards contra-lesional and ipsi-lesional hemifields were measured under varying cue conditions.

Main Results:

  • Both monkeys showed shorter saccade reaction times in valid-cue trials compared to invalid-cue trials.
  • One monkey demonstrated an increased ratio of correct saccades towards the affected (contra-lesional) hemifield during valid-cue trials.
  • These effects were replicated using both symbolic arrow and color cues, indicating robust top-down modulation.

Conclusions:

  • V1-lesioned monkeys can utilize informative top-down cues to improve stimulus localization and guide orienting behavior in their blind hemifield.
  • The findings suggest that residual visual capabilities after V1 lesions can be modulated by cognitive task knowledge.
  • The superior colliculus is hypothesized to play a role in integrating top-down information for controlling orienting behavior in blindsight.