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Related Concept Videos

Angina II: Classification01:27

Angina II: Classification

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Angina, also known as angina pectoris, is a chest pain resulting from diminished blood flow to the heart muscle and is often a symptom of coronary artery disease. Angina presents several variants with distinctive attributes, etiologies, and therapeutic approaches. The main types of angina include stable, unstable, variant (Prinzmetal's), microvascular, intractable, and silent ischemia.Stable angina is caused by atherosclerosis, which leads to the formation of plaques that narrow the coronary...
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Angina V: Nursing Management01:20

Angina V: Nursing Management

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Angina, a symptom of myocardial ischemia, requires a structured nursing management approach to ensure effective care and prevent complications like myocardial infarction. Comprehensive nursing care involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing interventions, and evaluating outcomes, all tailored to the individual patient's needs.Patient AssessmentNursing assessment begins with a detailed subjective evaluation of symptoms, which typically include chest pain or pressure radiating to the...
448
Angina I: Introduction01:30

Angina I: Introduction

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Definition and Symptoms: Angina (angina pectoris) is chest pain or discomfort caused by myocardial ischemia, which occurs when the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen-rich blood. It typically manifests as pressing, squeezing, or crushing sensations in the chest and may radiate to the shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back.Primary Cause: In a healthy state, the coronary arteries can dilate (widen) to increase blood flow and meet the increased oxygen demand during physical activity or...
632
Angina III: Clinical Manifestations and Assessment01:29

Angina III: Clinical Manifestations and Assessment

316
Angina manifests as chest pain, tightness, or squeezing discomfort typically located behind the breastbone. It can radiate to the neck, jaw, shoulders, and inner aspects of the upper arms, most commonly the left arm. Patients may experience shortness of breath, fatigue, profuse sweating, dizziness, indigestion, heartburn, palpitations, anxiety, and vomiting as accompanying symptoms. This pain often lasts a few minutes and is triggered by physical exertion, emotional stress, heavy meals, or cold...
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Angina IV: Management01:26

Angina IV: Management

368
IntroductionThe management of angina requires a comprehensive approach that includes pharmacological therapies, medical procedures, and lifestyle modifications.Pharmacological TherapiesAntiplatelet agents, such as aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor, play a pivotal role in preventing thrombus formation in patients with angina. These medications inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce the likelihood of myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular events.Anticoagulants, including...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

590
The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
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Angina Frequency After Acute Myocardial Infarction In Patients Without Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

Anna Grodzinsky1, Suzanne V Arnold1, Kensey Gosch1

  • 1Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO.

European Heart Journal. Quality of Care & Clinical Outcomes
|February 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Myocardial infarction patients without obstructive coronary artery disease experience significant angina post-event. This angina burden is similar to patients with obstructive CAD, necessitating alternative treatment strategies.

Keywords:
Acute myocardial infarctionAnginaCoronary artery disease

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Myocardial infarction (MI) patients without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) face risks for recurrent ischemic events.
  • Angina frequency post-MI in this population remains underdescribed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe angina frequency and associated factors in MI patients without obstructive CAD.
  • To compare angina burden between MI patients with and without obstructive CAD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) to assess angina in 5539 MI patients across 31 US hospitals.
  • Employed a modified Poisson model to analyze the association between absence of obstructive CAD and angina.
  • Collected data on socio-demographic factors, clinical characteristics, depression, and healthcare cost avoidance.

Main Results:

  • 6.9% of MI patients had no angiographic obstructive CAD; these patients were more often female, non-white, and had NSTEMI.
  • After adjustment, the risk of post-MI angina was similar in patients with and without obstructive CAD (IRR=0.89).
  • Depression and cost-related care avoidance independently predicted angina in patients without obstructive CAD.

Conclusions:

  • MI patients without obstructive CAD experience a substantial angina burden, comparable to those with obstructive CAD.
  • Approximately 1 in 4 patients without obstructive CAD report angina at 12 months post-MI.
  • Alternative anti-anginal strategies are crucial for improving health status and quality of life in this patient group.