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Sawfishes stealth revealed using computational fluid dynamics.

D R Bradney1, A Davidson1, S P Evans1

  • 1School of Engineering, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.

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|February 28, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sawfish rostra generate minimal turbulence during hunting and swimming, suggesting they are stealth predators. This hydrodynamic efficiency indicates their rostrum is unlikely used for stirring up prey from the seabed.

Keywords:
CT scanelasmobranchlateral swipesawfish rostrumturbulent flow

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Biomechanics
  • Ichthyology

Background:

  • Sawfish (Pristidae) are endangered marine fish known for their distinctive rostrums.
  • The rostrum's function in prey capture and locomotion is not fully understood.
  • Previous studies suggested the rostrum might be used to disturb benthic prey.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fluid dynamics of sawfish rostra during prey manipulation and swimming.
  • To determine the hydrodynamic properties of the sawfish rostrum.
  • To evaluate the rostrum's role in stealth hunting and prey detection.

Main Methods:

  • Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed.
  • Simulations focused on the rostrum of three sawfish species.
  • Analysis included turbulent flow generation, velocity induction, drag, and lift coefficients.

Main Results:

  • Negligible turbulent flow was generated by the rostrum during lateral swipes and swimming.
  • Minimal velocity was induced into the surrounding fluid during lateral swipes.
  • Low drag and zero lift coefficients were observed when swimming with a horizontal rostrum inclination.

Conclusions:

  • Sawfish rostra facilitate stealth hunting by minimizing hydrodynamic disturbance.
  • The rostrum is unlikely to be used for stirring benthic prey.
  • The rostrum's design is optimized for efficient swimming and undetected prey pursuit.