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Related Concept Videos

Viscosity01:17

Viscosity

7.7K
When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
The SI unit of viscosity is...
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Viscosity01:27

Viscosity

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Viscosity is a property of fluids that measures their resistance to flow. It is influenced by factors such as the surface area of contact, the gradient of flow speed, and the fluid's viscosity constant, called the coefficient of viscosity. The coefficient of viscosity, also known as dynamic viscosity, is denoted by the symbol η. It determines the proportionality between the viscous force and the gradient of flow speed.Newton's law of viscosity states that the viscous force on a...
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Viscosity of Fluid01:19

Viscosity of Fluid

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Viscosity measures the resistance a fluid offers to flow and deformation. It results from internal friction between layers of fluid moving relative to one another. Dynamic viscosity, denoted by the Greek letter mu (μ), quantifies the force needed to move one fluid layer over another. For Newtonian fluids like water and air, the relationship between the shearing stress and the rate of shearing strain is linear, meaning their viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied stress.
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Measurement of Fluid Pressure01:16

Measurement of Fluid Pressure

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Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
A basic form of manometer is the piezometer, a vertical tube open at the top and filled with the same...
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Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

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Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Fabricating High-viscosity Droplets using Microfluidic Capillary Device with Phase-inversion Co-flow Structure
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Fabricating High-viscosity Droplets using Microfluidic Capillary Device with Phase-inversion Co-flow Structure

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Viscosity Measurements Using Microfluidic Droplet Length.

Yunzi Li1, Kevin R Ward2,3, Mark A Burns1,3,4

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan , 3074 H. H. Dow, 2300 Hayward, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|February 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a rapid, low-volume droplet viscometer for precise viscosity measurements. This device offers quick analysis for various fluids, aiding industrial and medical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Microfluidics
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Viscosity measurements are crucial in diverse fields, including chemical production and medical diagnostics.
  • Existing methods can be time-consuming or require large sample volumes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel droplet-based viscometer for rapid and low-volume viscosity measurements.
  • To establish a correlation between droplet dimensions and fluid viscosity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a flow-focusing microfluidic device to generate water-in-oil droplets under constant pressure.
  • Correlated droplet length (Ld) with aqueous-phase viscosity (μaq) at high aqueous-inlet to oil-inlet pressure ratios (AIP/OIP).
  • Performed theoretical analysis to verify the linear relationship between μaq and 1/(Ld - Lc).

Main Results:

  • Achieved viscosity measurements in 10 seconds or less with sample consumption below 1 μL/h.
  • Demonstrated a linear relationship between aqueous-phase viscosity and the inverse of adjusted droplet length.
  • Validated the device for Newtonian, Boger, and shear-thinning fluids, with adjustable shear rates.
  • Established a reliable measurement range of 0.01–10 times the oil-phase viscosity (μoil) with <5% error.

Conclusions:

  • The developed droplet viscometer offers a fast, efficient, and accurate method for viscosity determination.
  • The device's design, based on theoretical analysis, can be optimized for specific applications.
  • This microfluidic approach has significant potential for real-time monitoring in industrial and diagnostic settings.