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Related Experiment Video

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Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
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Temporal model for quasi-phase matching in high-order harmonic generation.

Y Tao, S J Goh, H M J Bastiaens

    Optics Express
    |March 1, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a model for quasi-phase matching (QPM) in high-order harmonic generation (HHG). Optimal QPM periods for maximum harmonic pulse energy are achieved by matching the phase at the leading edge of the drive laser pulse.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Laser Science

    Background:

    • High-order harmonic generation (HHG) is a crucial process for producing extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and soft X-ray radiation.
    • Quasi-phase matching (QPM) offers a method to enhance the efficiency of nonlinear optical processes like HHG.
    • Understanding the dynamics of QPM in HHG, especially under intense laser fields, is essential for optimizing output.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and present a model for quasi-phase matching (QPM) in high-order harmonic generation (HHG).
    • To analyze the time-dependent wave-vector balance for calculating on-axis harmonic output and pulse energy.
    • To investigate the influence of plasma dynamics on QPM in HHG at high intensities.

    Main Methods:

    • A one-dimensional model was employed to analyze the time-dependent wave-vector balance.
    • Calculations were performed for periodically patterned argon gas to determine harmonic output over time.
    • The study focused on identifying optimal QPM periods for maximizing harmonic pulse energy.

    Main Results:

    • The model allows for the calculation of on-axis harmonic output versus time and total output pulse energy.
    • Identifying a single optimal QPM period is complex due to ultrafast plasma dynamics in HHG.
    • Maximum on-axis harmonic pulse energy was achieved by setting the QPM period to phase match HHG at the leading edge of the drive laser pulse.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented model provides insights into QPM for HHG, aiding in the optimization of XUV/soft X-ray sources.
    • Plasma dynamics significantly influence QPM in HHG at high laser intensities, complicating period selection.
    • Phase matching at the leading edge of the laser pulse is identified as a key strategy for maximizing HHG output energy.