Robustness of two different methods of monitoring respiratory system compliance during mechanical ventilation

Robustness measures the performance of estimation methods when they work under non-ideal conditions. We compared the robustness of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and multilinear fitting (MLF) methods in estimating respiratory system compliance (C _RS) during mechanical ventilation (MV). Twenty-four anaesthetized pigs underwent MV. Airway pressure, flow and volume were recorded at fixed intervals after the induction of acute lung injury. After consecutive mechanical breaths, an inspiratory pause (BIP) was applied in order to calculate C_RS using the interrupter technique. From the breath preceding the BIP, ANN and MLF had to compute C_RS in the presence of two types of perturbations: transient sensor disconnection (TD) and random noise (RN). Performance of the two methods was assessed according to Bland and Altman. The ANN presented a higher bias and scatter than MLF during the application of RN, except when RN was lower than 2% of peak airway pressure. During TD, MLF algorithm showed a higher bias and scatter than ANN. After the application of RN, ANN and MLF maintain a stable performance, although MLF shows better results. ANNs have a more stable performance and yield a more robust estimation of C _RS than MLF in conditions of transient sensor disconnection.