[Underlying Mechanisms of Iron Overloading in Myelodysplastic Syndrome -Review]

Myelodysplastic Syndromes(MDS) comprise a heterogenous group of hematopoietic stem cell malignancies characterized by peripheral cytopenias and have a substantial risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia(AML). MDS, without effective cure methods, is one of the common hematologic malignant tumors with great threaten to people's health. The phenomenon of iron overloading is common in MDS, which has a poor effect on overall survival and leukemic progression to MDS but get good prognosis by iron chelation therapy. Therefore, increasing researchers are interested in iron overloading of MDS. So far, many researchers have reported that blood transfusion, ineffective hematopoiesis, genetic changes, mitochondrial apoptosis and ROS were found to be important in the incidence of iron overloading. There is greatly valuable to guide iron chelation therapy to study the relationship between those elements with iron overloading. In this paper, we reviewed the great important and specific influence of blood transfusion, ineffective hematopoiesis, genetic changes, mitochondrial apoptosis and ROS in the mechanism of iron overloading, which there is a great significance on iron overloading- associated MDS.