Murine glia cells in culture can be stimulated to generate reactive oxygen

Induction of luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) indicative of reactive oxygen formation was studied in glia cell cultures from newborn mice. A burst of CL could be induced by phorbol myristate acetate, zymosan, and antibody-coated bovine red blood cells, whereas Sendai virus and several other agents known to induce CL in myeloid cells were ineffective. Sodium azide failed to inhibit CL, indicating a myeloperoxidase-independent mechanism of light emission. In parallel experiments we identified the cells binding antibody-coated erythrocytes as macrophages characterized by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium and phagocytosis of zymosan and latex particles. Brain macrophages may use reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) as a mechanism of antimicrobial defence; and, on the other hand, ROI formed by these cells may contribute to immuno-pathology in the brain.