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Related Concept Videos

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
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A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
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Integrin signaling in atherosclerosis.

Alexandra C Finney1, Karen Y Stokes2, Christopher B Pattillo2

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71130, USA.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|March 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Integrin signaling plays a key role in atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular disease. Targeting integrins may offer new therapies for managing atherosclerotic plaque development and its complications.

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisExtracellular matrixInflammationIntegrinsMigrationProliferation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Integrin Signaling
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by lipids, leading to cardiovascular disease.
  • Vascular remodeling, including cell phenotype changes, migration, proliferation, and extracellular matrix modification, characterizes atherosclerosis.
  • Integrin cell adhesion receptors are central to these vascular remodeling processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of integrin signaling in atherosclerotic plaque development.
  • To assess the potential of integrins as therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on integrin regulation in atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of integrin signaling's impact on various stages of plaque formation and complications.

Main Results:

  • Integrin signaling regulates endothelial cell phenotype, leukocyte recruitment and function, and smooth muscle cell remodeling.
  • Platelet integrin signaling contributes to thrombotic complications in cardiovascular disease.
  • Integrins influence multiple aspects of atherosclerosis, from initial inflammation to advanced plaques.

Conclusions:

  • Integrin signaling is a critical regulator of atherosclerotic plaque progression.
  • Targeting integrins presents a promising therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular disease and its complications.