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Related Concept Videos

Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Joints01:26

Joints

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Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...
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Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
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Introduction to Joints00:58

Introduction to Joints

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The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Automated Joint Space Detection Improves Bone Segmentation Accuracy
06:45

Automated Joint Space Detection Improves Bone Segmentation Accuracy

Published on: November 28, 2025

233

The carpus in the conflict between stability and mobility.

B Moriggl1, R V Putz1

  • 1Anatomische Anstalt, Lehrstuhl I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany.

Der Orthopade
|March 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Carpal stability relies on intricate osseous and ligamentous interactions. Oblique fiber bundles distribute forces efficiently, but damage to any element compromises the entire wrist system.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The carpus, or wrist, is crucial for hand function and stability.
  • Its stability depends on the complex interplay between bones and ligaments.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to addressing wrist injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the biomechanical principles governing carpal stability.
  • To describe the anatomical arrangement and function of carpal ligaments.
  • To highlight the consequences of damage to carpal structures.

Main Methods:

  • Anatomical description of carpal osseous and ligamentous elements.
  • Analysis of force distribution within the carpus under load.
  • Identification of ligamentous groups and their functional roles.

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Measurement of Spatial Stability in Precision Grip
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Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
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Main Results:

  • Carpal stability is maintained by precise osseous and ligamentous interactions.
  • Longitudinal compression from forearm muscles is a primary load.
  • Oblique fiber bundles and retinacula efficiently distribute forces, minimizing osseous material.
  • Damage to a single carpal element can severely impact overall stability.

Conclusions:

  • The carpus utilizes an efficient system of oblique fiber bundles for force distribution.
  • Ligamentous structures play a vital role in counteracting transverse tensional forces.
  • The interconnectedness of carpal elements means injury to one part affects the whole system.