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Related Concept Videos

Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
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Subsequent T...
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Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development
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A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

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Coxitis in newborns and infants.

K Parsch1, E Savvidis1

  • 1Orthopädische Klinik, Olgahospital Stuttgart, Germany.

Der Orthopade
|March 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Early diagnosis and treatment of septic arthritis in infants significantly improve outcomes. Prompt intervention, including antibiotics and surgical drainage, prevents long-term hip joint damage and ensures healing without residuals.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Septic arthritis of the hip joint in neonates and small infants is a serious condition.
  • It can be associated with osteomyelitis of the femoral neck or acetabulum.
  • Clinical signs include leg pain, pseudoparalysis, and poor feeding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes of septic arthritis of the hip in infants.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 24 cases of septic hip arthritis in infants treated between 1985 and 1996.
  • Analysis of clinical signs, laboratory markers (C-reactive protein, CRP), and imaging (ultrasound).
Keywords:
Key words Coxitis • Infants • Ultrasonography • Surgical therapy • Antibiotics

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  • Evaluation of treatment protocols including antibiotics (cefuroxim) and surgical arthrotomy.

    • Main Results:

    • C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were more reliable indicators than leukocyte count or sedimentation rate.
    • Ultrasound was effective in early detection of joint effusion and later in identifying femoral neck necrosis.
    • Early treatment (within 3 days) led to healing without residuals in 18 out of 24 cases.
    • Delayed treatment resulted in moderate osteomyelitis or, in one severe case, complete hip joint destruction.

    Conclusions:

    • Prompt diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for favorable outcomes in infantile septic hip arthritis.
    • Intravenous antibiotics, followed by oral administration, are effective, with CRP normalization indicating recovery.
    • Delayed treatment significantly increases the risk of long-term joint damage and sequelae.