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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

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Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
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Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice
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Primary chronic osteomyelitis.

G Jundt1, L Jani2

  • 1Knochentumor-Referenzzentrum, Institut für Pathologie, Kantonsspital/ Universitätskliniken Basel •, Germany.

Der Orthopade
|March 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Primary chronic osteomyelitis presents diverse forms, including unifocal and multifocal types. Differentiating these is crucial for effective treatment, as bacterial presence and recurrence rates vary significantly between them.

Keywords:
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitisKey words Primary chronic osteomyelitisPlasma cell osteomyelitisSAPHO syndromeSubacute chronic osteomyelitisUnifocal chronic osteomyelitis

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Primary chronic osteomyelitis is a complex condition with varied clinical presentations.
  • Current classifications may not adequately address therapeutic distinctions.
  • Heterogeneity necessitates a refined approach to diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate distinct clinical forms of primary chronic osteomyelitis.
  • To highlight therapeutic implications of differentiating unifocal from multifocal presentations.
  • To emphasize the role of investigations in managing complex osteomyelitis cases.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical feature analysis of primary chronic osteomyelitis cases.
  • Comparison of bacteriological findings in unifocal versus multifocal osteomyelitis.
  • Review of diagnostic procedures including biopsy and histology.
  • Correlation of osteomyelitis forms with clinical course and associated conditions like SAPHO syndrome.

Main Results:

  • Primary chronic osteomyelitis encompasses distinct unifocal and multifocal manifestations.
  • Bacterial presence is common in unifocal but often absent in multifocal forms.
  • Multifocal osteomyelitis frequently recurs (chronic multifocal recurrent osteomyelitis) and may present with SAPHO syndrome.
  • Histology is insufficient to differentiate between osteomyelitis subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • Therapeutic strategies must be tailored to the specific form of chronic osteomyelitis.
  • Distinguishing unifocal from multifocal osteomyelitis is essential for guiding treatment and prognosis.
  • Further research into the pathogenesis and management of multifocal and recurrent osteomyelitis is warranted.