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The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body. It includes all of the bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. It protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs.
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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Atlas fractures.

S Schären1, B Jeanneret1

  • 1Orthopädische Universitätsklinik, Felix Platter-Spital, Basel, Germany.

Der Orthopade
|March 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atlas fractures, comprising 1-2% of vertebral fractures, are classified into five types. Treatment varies from conservative management for benign fractures to surgical stabilization for unstable Jefferson fractures.

Keywords:
Key words Atlas fractures • Cervical spine • Trauma • Instability • Transverse ligament

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurosurgery
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Atlas fractures represent a small but significant subset of vertebral injuries.
  • Classification systems are crucial for guiding treatment strategies.
  • Understanding fracture patterns informs prognosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify atlas fractures into distinct groups.
  • To outline appropriate treatment modalities for each fracture type.
  • To present a preferred surgical technique for unstable fractures.

Main Methods:

  • Categorization of atlas fractures into five types: anterior arch, posterior arch, Jefferson, lateral mass, and transverse process fractures.
  • Review of treatment protocols based on fracture stability and ligamentous integrity.
  • Description of surgical fixation techniques, including C1/C2 transarticular screw fixation.

Main Results:

  • Isolated anterior or posterior arch fractures are benign and treated conservatively.
  • Stable Jefferson fractures have good outcomes with conservative treatment.
  • Unstable Jefferson fractures and severe lateral mass fractures often require surgical stabilization, with C1/C2 fixation offering immediate stability.

Conclusions:

  • A tailored treatment approach based on atlas fracture classification is essential.
  • Surgical intervention, particularly C1/C2 fixation, provides effective stabilization for unstable injuries.
  • Conservative management is appropriate for less severe atlas fractures.