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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Updated: Mar 7, 2026

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
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Process breaks. A diagnostic problem in ankle injuries.

H Thermann1, M Ansar2, H Tscherne2

  • 1Zentrum für Knie- und Fußchirurgie, ATOS-Klinik Heidelberg, Germany.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Peripheral talar fractures are often missed, impacting ankle pain management. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, often involving computed tomography, are crucial for preventing long-term complications and improving outcomes.

Keywords:
Key words Peripheral talar fractures • Treatment algorithm

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Radiology
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Peripheral talar fractures are frequently overlooked in ankle pain diagnosis.
  • These fractures can lead to chronic pain and reduced mobility if not properly managed.
  • Early identification is key to effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of considering peripheral talar fractures in ankle pain differentials.
  • To emphasize the role of computed tomography in evaluating these injuries.
  • To outline treatment strategies based on fracture characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic imaging for peripheral talar fractures.
  • Discussion of treatment options including conservative management, open reduction and internal fixation, and surgical excision.
  • Emphasis on the diagnostic utility of computed tomography (CT).

Main Results:

  • Computed tomography is essential for definitive evaluation and treatment planning.
  • Displaced fractures treated conservatively can result in subtalar joint arthrosis and pain.
  • Large or displaced fragments typically require open reduction and internal fixation.
  • Comminuted or small fragments may be treated with surgical excision, potentially altering biomechanics.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral talar fractures require prompt diagnosis and management.
  • CT imaging is crucial for accurate assessment and guiding treatment decisions.
  • Treatment choice (conservative, ORIF, or excision) depends on fragment size and displacement to optimize functional outcomes and minimize complications.