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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser

Photoselective Vaporesection of the Prostate via an End-firing Lithium Triborate Crystal Laser

Published on: May 9, 2018

[Laser lithotripsy].

D V Platonova¹, V A Zamyatina², A M Dymov¹

¹Department and Clinic of Urology, Research Institute of Uronephrology and Human Reproductive Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow.

Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999)

|March 2, 2017

Summary

Laser lithotripsy is the most effective treatment for urinary stones. New thulium (Tm) lasers significantly speed up stone fragmentation and reduce surgical risks, offering a safer and more efficient procedure for urolithiasis patients.

Keywords:

holmium laser laser lithotripsy thulium laser urolithiasis

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Area of Science:

Urology
Medical Technology
Laser Physics

Background:

Urolithiasis, or urinary stone disease, affects a significant portion of the population.
Various methods exist for urinary stone destruction, each with its own efficacy and risk profile.
Intracorporeal lithotripsy utilizes focused energy to break stones within the urinary tract.

Purpose of the Study:

To review diverse methods for urinary stone destruction.
To highlight laser lithotripsy as a minimally invasive and highly effective treatment.
To explore the advancements and benefits of novel laser technologies in lithotripsy.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on urolithiasis treatment modalities.
Analysis of different laser types used for intracorporeal lithotripsy.
Evaluation of stone fragmentation mechanisms based on laser type and parameters.

Main Results:

Laser lithotripsy is identified as the least traumatic and most efficient method for all urinary stone types.
Different lasers exhibit varied stone fragmentation mechanisms influenced by radiation parameters.
Thulium (Tm) doped fiber lasers demonstrate significantly increased stone fragmentation speed.
Tm lasers minimize surgical complication risks due to unique tissue-radiation interactions.

Conclusions:

Laser lithotripsy represents a superior approach for managing urinary stones.
Thulium (Tm) doped fiber lasers offer enhanced efficacy and safety in lithotripsy.
Advancements in laser technology are crucial for improving patient outcomes in urolithiasis treatment.