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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...

Muscles that Move the Leg

Muscles that Move the Leg

The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Implementing the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Concept in Rehabilitation Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

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[A locked knee without previous trauma].

H F G Brouwers¹, J J A M van Raay, M P Somford

¹Martini Ziekenhuis, afd. Orthopedie, Groningen.

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde

|March 2, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of semitendinosus tendon luxation occurred spontaneously in a young woman due to an osteochondroma. Surgical resection of the bone tumor prevented recurrence of knee extension deficit.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Sports Medicine
Musculoskeletal Disorders

Background:

Spontaneous tendon luxation is an uncommon condition, often associated with underlying bony abnormalities.
Osteochondromas can cause impingement and displacement of adjacent soft tissues, including tendons.

Observation:

A 22-year-old female presented with a spontaneous left knee extension deficit.
Physical examination identified the semitendinosus tendon luxated under a posteromedial proximal tibial osteochondroma.

Findings:

The luxated semitendinosus tendon was successfully repositioned through knee flexion and internal rotation.
Surgical resection of the osteochondroma was performed to address the causative lesion.

Implications:

This case highlights the importance of considering tendon luxation in the differential diagnosis of knee extension deficits.
Surgical management of the underlying osteochondroma is crucial for preventing recurrent symptoms and restoring knee function.