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Updated: Mar 7, 2026
A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
Published on: February 13, 2017
Hydrogen-Treated Rutile TiO2 Shell in Graphite-Core Structure as a Negative Electrode for High-Performance Vanadium
Javier Vázquez-Galván1, Cristina Flox1, Cristian Fàbrega1,2
1IREC, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Jardins de les Dones de Negre, 1, 08930, Sant Adrià del Besos, Spain.
Abstract:
Hydrogen-treated TiO2 as an electrocatalyst has shown to boost the capacity of high-performance all-vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) as a simple and eco-friendly strategy. The graphite felt-based GF@TiO2 :H electrode is able to inhibit the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which is a critical barrier for operating at high rate for long-term cycling in VRFBs. Significant improvements in charge/discharge and electron-transfer processes for the V3+ /V2+ reaction on the surface of reduced TiO2 were achieved as a consequence of the formation of oxygen functional groups and oxygen vacancies in the lattice structure. Key performance indicators of VRFB have been improved, such as high capability rates and electrolyte-utilization ratios (82 % at 200 mA cm-2 ). Additionally, high coulombic efficiencies (ca. 100 % up to the 96th cycle, afterwards >97 %) were obtained, demonstrating the feasibility of achieving long-term stability.
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