Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Light as Energy01:35

Light as Energy

97.5K
The energy required to carry out photosynthesis is light— typically electromagnetic radiation from the sun. The range of all possible wavelengths is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.
Photons
A photon is a discrete electromagnetic particle or bundle of energy. Photons are characterized by their frequency, wavelength, and amplitude, similar to the properties of a wave. Waves with higher frequencies transmit more energy and have shorter wavelengths than longer wavelengths that transmit...
97.5K
Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

879
Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate...
879
Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence01:23

Photoluminescence: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence

4.2K
Photoluminescence is a process where a molecule absorbs light energy and re-emits it in the form of light. This phenomenon occurs when a substance absorbs photons, promoting its electrons to higher energy level excited states, followed by a relaxation process in which the electrons return to their original ground state energy levels and emit light. Photoluminescence is widely observed in various materials, including semiconductors, and organic and inorganic compounds.
A pair of electrons in a...
4.2K
The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis01:34

The Z-Scheme of Electron Transport in Photosynthesis

14.5K
The light reactions of photosynthesis assume a linear flow of electrons from water to NADP+. During this process, light energy drives the splitting of water molecules to produce oxygen. However, oxidation of water molecules is a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction and requires a strong oxidizing agent. This is accomplished by the first product of light reactions: oxidized P680 (or P680+), the most powerful oxidizing agent known in biology. The oxidized P680 that acquires an electron from the...
14.5K
Photosystem II01:22

Photosystem II

79.4K
The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
The pigment molecules are arranged across  two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
79.4K
Photosystems01:32

Photosystems

7.9K
Photosystems are multiprotein complexes that form the functional units of photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They are found embedded in the membrane of tiny sac-like structures called thylakoids placed inside the chloroplast.
Functioning of Photosystems
Photosystems contain many pigment molecules, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, arranged in a particular organization across two domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
7.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Identification of a Shiga toxin A-derived peptide internalized into Gb3 receptor-bearing cells via interaction with the Shiga toxin B subunit.

FEBS letters·2026
Same author

Impact of higher versus lower PEEP on mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with Sepsis - A multicenter, multi-cohort observational analysis.

Journal of critical care·2026
Same author

The evolving landscape of protein structure and molecular recognition.

Trends in biochemical sciences·2026
Same author

Phosphorylated toll-like receptor 4 defines a high-risk sepsis endotype.

Critical care (London, England)·2026
Same author

AI-Supported, Integrative Prediction of Postoperative Delirium: Protocol for the CONFUSED Study.

JMIR research protocols·2026
Same author

Systematic discovery of motif-based interactions of the auxiliary domains of USP family deubiquitinases.

Nature communications·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Operation of Laboratory Photobioreactors with Online Growth Measurements and Customizable Light Regimes
05:21

Operation of Laboratory Photobioreactors with Online Growth Measurements and Customizable Light Regimes

Published on: October 28, 2021

2.7K

Let There Be Light!

Doroteya Raykova1, Björn Koos2, Anna Asplund3

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Pharmaceutical Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Box 594, Uppsala University, SE-751 08 Uppsala, Sweden. doroteya.raykova@igp.uu.se.

Proteomes
|March 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Microscopy techniques like Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and in situ proximity ligation assay (in situ PLA) reveal protein interactions and cellular states. Choosing the right method depends on the biological question and sample.

Keywords:
FREThigh resolution microscopyin situ PLApost-translational modificationsprotein–protein interactionsproxHCR

More Related Videos

Step-by-Step Guide for Harnessing Organic Light Emitting Diodes by Solution Processed Device Fabrication of a TADF Emitter
06:25

Step-by-Step Guide for Harnessing Organic Light Emitting Diodes by Solution Processed Device Fabrication of a TADF Emitter

Published on: November 7, 2025

655
In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria
05:52

In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: June 28, 2018

12.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Operation of Laboratory Photobioreactors with Online Growth Measurements and Customizable Light Regimes
05:21

Operation of Laboratory Photobioreactors with Online Growth Measurements and Customizable Light Regimes

Published on: October 28, 2021

2.7K
Step-by-Step Guide for Harnessing Organic Light Emitting Diodes by Solution Processed Device Fabrication of a TADF Emitter
06:25

Step-by-Step Guide for Harnessing Organic Light Emitting Diodes by Solution Processed Device Fabrication of a TADF Emitter

Published on: November 7, 2025

655
In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria
05:52

In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: June 28, 2018

12.3K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Cell biology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Microscopy is crucial for understanding tissue architecture and subcellular structures.
  • Advancements in microscopy enabled molecular tools like Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and in situ proximity ligation assay (in situ PLA) for protein interaction monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review microscopy-based molecular techniques for proteomic analysis.
  • To discuss the benefits and drawbacks of these advanced methods.

Main Methods:

  • Review of microscopy-based molecular techniques.
  • Analysis of protein interactions, expression levels, and activity states in single cells.
  • Discussion of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and in situ proximity ligation assay (in situ PLA).

Main Results:

  • Microscopy methods provide insights into protein localization, expression, and activity, aiding in identifying cellular hallmarks in health and disease.
  • Recent innovations have improved sensitivity, multiplexing, and resolution of molecular tools.
  • Each technique presents unique advantages and limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Careful consideration of the biological question and sample type is essential for selecting appropriate microscopy-based proteomic methods.
  • The choice of method or combination of methods impacts the depth and accuracy of molecular insights.