Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.8K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.8K
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

1.2K
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
1.2K
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

15.2K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
15.2K
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

4.2K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
4.2K
Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

693
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
693
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

50.1K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
50.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Age-dependent expression and antiviral activity of interferon epsilon in respiratory epithelium.

Journal of virology·2026
Same author

Wdr4 regulates ribosome biogenesis and intestinal homeostasis via let-7.

EMBO reports·2026
Same author

Myoferlin is a component of late-stage vRNP trafficking vesicles for enveloped RNA viruses.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Author Correction: Retargeted oncolytic viruses engineered to remodel the tumor microenvironment for glioblastoma immunotherapy.

Nature cancer·2026
Same author

Serum C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9, interleukin 8, and interleukin 22 as key biomarkers in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

World journal of gastroenterology·2026
Same author

Retargeted oncolytic viruses engineered to remodel the tumor microenvironment for glioblastoma immunotherapy.

Nature cancer·2025
Same journal

Magnolol inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection by suppressing cathepsin L expression <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.

Journal of virology·2026
Same journal

Dysregulation of miRNAs has broad impacts on virus infection in <i>Drosophila</i>.

Journal of virology·2026
Same journal

Identification of GRP78 as a novel host factor that facilitates zoonotic porcine deltacoronavirus internalization and replication via clathrin-mediated endocytosis.

Journal of virology·2026
Same journal

MGF110-2L deletion prevents IFN-I and inflammatory response, resulting in partial attenuation and protection against virulent ASFV.

Journal of virology·2026
Same journal

Periodic genome sequences facilitate packaging in a single-stranded DNA virus.

Journal of virology·2026
Same journal

A novel monoclonal antibody targeting the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase of peste des petits ruminants virus maintains neutralizing activity by blocking viral adsorption and receptor interaction.

Journal of virology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV
14:40

Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV

Published on: March 5, 2022

3.8K

Viral Epitranscriptomics.

Edward M Kennedy1, David G Courtney1, Kevin Tsai1

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Center for Virology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Journal of Virology
|March 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in RNA, crucial for cellular processes, is now shown to enhance HIV-1 replication. This finding opens the door to understanding viral epitranscriptomics and its role in virus regulation.

Keywords:
HIV-1N6-methyladenosinePosttranscriptional gene regulationRNA modificationmRNA functionmRNA stability

More Related Videos

Unbiased Deep Sequencing of RNA Viruses from Clinical Samples
09:36

Unbiased Deep Sequencing of RNA Viruses from Clinical Samples

Published on: July 2, 2016

17.8K
Reverse Genetics to Engineer Positive-Sense RNA Virus Variants
15:49

Reverse Genetics to Engineer Positive-Sense RNA Virus Variants

Published on: June 9, 2022

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV
14:40

Exploring m6A and m5C Epitranscriptomes upon Viral Infection: an Example with HIV

Published on: March 5, 2022

3.8K
Unbiased Deep Sequencing of RNA Viruses from Clinical Samples
09:36

Unbiased Deep Sequencing of RNA Viruses from Clinical Samples

Published on: July 2, 2016

17.8K
Reverse Genetics to Engineer Positive-Sense RNA Virus Variants
15:49

Reverse Genetics to Engineer Positive-Sense RNA Virus Variants

Published on: June 9, 2022

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Virology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Eukaryotic mRNAs undergo internal base modifications, with N6-methyladenosine (m6A) being the most common.
  • m6A modifications are known to influence splicing, translation, and mRNA stability, and are vital for embryonic development.
  • While viral transcripts are extensively m6A modified, its role in viral gene expression and replication remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of m6A modifications in regulating viral gene expression and replication.
  • To explore the potential significance of m6A in viral epitranscriptomics using HIV-1 as a model.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of m6A modification sites in viral transcripts.
  • Functional studies using HIV-1 to assess the impact of m6A on replication.

Main Results:

  • m6A modification sites in HIV-1 transcripts are evolutionarily conserved.
  • m6A modifications were found to enhance HIV-1 replication.

Conclusions:

  • m6A plays a significant role in regulating viral replication.
  • The field of viral epitranscriptomics is poised for expansion, potentially transforming our understanding of viral regulation.