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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
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Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study

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Surgical treatment for epilepsy.

Jerome Engel1, Samuel Wiebe2, Kurupath Radhakrishnan3

  • 1UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Neurologisch : Fachmagazin Fur Neurologie
|March 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Epilepsy surgery is underused, with no increase in procedures since 1990. Delays persist despite evidence supporting surgery for refractory epilepsy, especially in resource-limited settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Epilepsy surgery is underutilized in the US, with no increase in annual procedures since 1990.
  • Patients face an average delay of 22 years before surgical referral for epilepsy.
  • This delay persists despite strong evidence supporting surgery for medically refractory epilepsy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address critical issues hindering the increased availability of epilepsy surgery.
  • To explore strategies for improving access to epilepsy surgery, particularly in low-resource countries.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current trends in epilepsy surgery utilization.
  • Discussion of barriers to surgical treatment for epilepsy.
  • Focus on resource-limited settings.

Main Results:

  • Surgical treatment for epilepsy remains significantly underutilized.
  • There has been a stagnation in epilepsy surgery rates in the US since 1990.
  • Long delays to surgical intervention are common for epilepsy patients.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent strategies are needed to increase the utilization of epilepsy surgery.
  • Addressing resource limitations is crucial for expanding access to epilepsy surgery globally.
  • Improving timely access to epilepsy surgery can significantly benefit patients with refractory epilepsy.