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Nurse Practitioner Prescriptive Authority for Buprenorphine: From DATA 2000 to CARA 2016.

Katherine S Fornili¹, Susanne A Fogger

¹Katherine S. Fornili, DNP, MPH, RN, CARN, FIAAN, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore. Susanne A. Fogger, DNP, CRNP, PMHNP-BC, CARN-AP, FAANP, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham.

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|March 3, 2017

Summary

New legislation allows nurse practitioners to prescribe buprenorphine for opioid addiction treatment via office-based opioid treatment (OBOT). This expands on previous laws, enhancing access to care for opioid use disorder.

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Area of Science:

Public Health Policy
Addiction Medicine
Pharmacology

Background:

Opioid addiction is a major public health crisis.
Previous legislation (DATA 2000) restricted buprenorphine prescribing for opioid addiction to physicians.
Limited access to treatment has been a significant barrier.

Purpose of the Study:

To update on legislation enabling office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) with buprenorphine.
To review the evolution of laws governing OBOT prescribing.
To highlight the expansion of prescribing authority to nurse practitioners and physician assistants.

Main Methods:

Review of key legislative acts: Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000, Recovery Enhancement for Addiction Treatment Act (2015-2016), and Comprehensive Addiction Recovery Act (CARA) of 2016.
Analysis of regulatory changes impacting OBOT and buprenorphine prescribing.
Policy analysis of legislative impact on treatment accessibility.

Main Results:

The Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000 initially limited buprenorphine prescribing to physicians.
Subsequent legislation, including CARA 2016, expanded prescribing authority.
Nurse practitioners and physician assistants can now prescribe buprenorphine for opioid addiction treatment under OBOT.

Conclusions:

Recent legislation significantly broadens access to medication-assisted treatment for opioid addiction.
The expansion of OBOT prescribing authority to non-physician practitioners is a critical step in addressing the opioid crisis.
Policy changes facilitate increased availability of evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder.